⚡ Common Verbs (Present Tense) — Portuguese verbs are divided into three conjugation groups based on their infinitive endings: -ar, -er, and -ir. Each group follows a predictable pattern. This lesson covers regular verb conjugations and the most common irregular verbs (ser, estar, ter, ir, fazer) with pronunciation guides in Urdu and English.
🔊 Click the Listen button next to each example to hear the pronunciation using Text-to-Speech.
💡 Key Rule: To conjugate a regular verb, remove the infinitive ending (-ar, -er, -ir) and add the appropriate endings for each subject pronoun.
🔤 -AR Verbs: falar (to speak)
Regular -ar verbs are the largest group. Remove the -ar ending and add the endings: -o, -as, -a, -amos, -am.
| Pronoun | Conjugation | Pronunciation (English) | تلفظ (Urdu) | Meaning (English) | معنی (Urdu) | Audio |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| eu (I) | falo | fa-lo | فالو | I speak | میں بولتا ہوں | |
| você / ele / ela (you/he/she) | fala | fa-la | فالا | you/he/she speaks | آپ/وہ بولتا/تی ہے | |
| nós (we) | falamos | fa-la-mos | فالاموس | we speak | ہم بولتے ہیں | |
| vocês / eles / elas (you all/they) | falam | fa-lam | فالام | you all/they speak | آپ لوگ/وہ بولتے ہیں |
📌 -AR Verb Endings:
eu -o | você/ele/ela -a | nós -amos | vocês/eles/elas -am
🔤 -ER Verbs: comer (to eat)
Regular -er verbs follow a similar pattern. Remove the -er ending and add the endings: -o, -e, -e, -emos, -em.
| Pronoun | Conjugation | Pronunciation (English) | تلفظ (Urdu) | Meaning (English) | معنی (Urdu) | Audio |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| eu | como | ko-mo | کومو | I eat | میں کھاتا ہوں | |
| você / ele / ela | come | ko-me | کومی | you/he/she eats | آپ/وہ کھاتا/تی ہے | |
| nós | comemos | ko-me-mos | کومیموس | we eat | ہم کھاتے ہیں | |
| vocês / eles / elas | comem | ko-meng | کومینگ | you all/they eat | آپ لوگ/وہ کھاتے ہیں |
📌 -ER Verb Endings:
eu -o | você/ele/ela -e | nós -emos | vocês/eles/elas -em
🔤 -IR Verbs: partir (to leave)
Regular -ir verbs follow a similar pattern to -er verbs, but with some differences. Remove the -ir ending and add the endings: -o, -e, -e, -imos, -em.
| Pronoun | Conjugation | Pronunciation (English) | تلفظ (Urdu) | Meaning (English) | معنی (Urdu) | Audio |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| eu | parto | par-to | پارتو | I leave | میں جاتا ہوں | |
| você / ele / ela | parte | par-te | پارتی | you/he/she leaves | آپ/وہ جاتا/تی ہے | |
| nós | partimos | par-tee-mos | پارتی موس | we leave | ہم جاتے ہیں | |
| vocês / eles / elas | partem | par-teng | پارٹینگ | you all/they leave | آپ لوگ/وہ جاتے ہیں |
📌 -IR Verb Endings:
eu -o | você/ele/ela -e | nós -imos | vocês/eles/elas -em
📊 Conjugation Summary
A quick reference for all three verb groups.
| Pronoun | -AR (falar) | -ER (comer) | -IR (partir) | Pronunciation | تلفظ (Urdu) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| eu | falo | como | parto | fa-lo / ko-mo / par-to | فالو / کومو / پارتو |
| você/ele/ela | fala | come | parte | fa-la / ko-me / par-te | فالا / کومی / پارتی |
| nós | falamos | comemos | partimos | fa-la-mos / ko-me-mos / par-tee-mos | فالاموس / کومیموس / پارتی موس |
| vocês/eles/elas | falam | comem | partem | fa-lam / ko-meng / par-teng | فالام / کومینگ / پارٹینگ |
📌 Key Observation:
• -ar verbs: -o, -a, -amos, -am
• -er verbs: -o, -e, -emos, -em
• -ir verbs: -o, -e, -imos, -em
📚 Common Regular Verbs
Here are some frequently used regular verbs in Portuguese.
| # | Group | Infinitive | Meaning (English) | معنی (Urdu) | eu form | Audio |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | -AR | falar | to speak | بولنا | eu falo | |
| 2 | -AR | amar | to love | پیار کرنا | eu amo | |
| 3 | -AR | trabalhar | to work | کام کرنا | eu trabalho | |
| 4 | -AR | estudar | to study | پڑھنا | eu estudo | |
| 5 | -ER | comer | to eat | کھانا | eu como | |
| 6 | -ER | beber | to drink | پینا | eu bebo | |
| 7 | -ER | vender | to sell | بیچنا | eu vendo | |
| 8 | -IR | partir | to leave | جانا | eu parto | |
| 9 | -IR | abrir | to open | کھولنا | eu abro |
⚠️ Common Irregular Verbs
These are the most important irregular verbs in Portuguese. They do not follow the regular conjugation patterns.
🔵 SER (to be — permanent)
| Pronoun | Conjugation | Pronunciation (English) | تلفظ (Urdu) | Meaning | معنی (Urdu) | Audio |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| eu | sou | so | سو | I am | میں ہوں | |
| você/ele/ela | é | eh | ای | you/he/she is | آپ/وہ ہے | |
| nós | somos | so-mos | سوموس | we are | ہم ہیں | |
| vocês/eles/elas | são | sawng | ساؤ | you all/they are | آپ لوگ/وہ ہیں |
🔵 ESTAR (to be — temporary/location)
| Pronoun | Conjugation | Pronunciation (English) | تلفظ (Urdu) | Meaning | معنی (Urdu) | Audio |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| eu | estou | es-to | ایسٹو | I am | میں ہوں | |
| você/ele/ela | está | es-ta | ایسٹا | you/he/she is | آپ/وہ ہے | |
| nós | estamos | es-ta-mos | ایسٹاموس | we are | ہم ہیں | |
| vocês/eles/elas | estão | es-tawng | ایسٹاؤ | you all/they are | آپ لوگ/وہ ہیں |
🔵 TER (to have)
| Pronoun | Conjugation | Pronunciation (English) | تلفظ (Urdu) | Meaning | معنی (Urdu) | Audio |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| eu | tenho | ten-yo | تینیو | I have | میرے پاس ہے | |
| você/ele/ela | tem | teng | تینگ | you/he/she has | آپ/اس کے پاس ہے | |
| nós | temos | te-mos | تیموس | we have | ہمارے پاس ہے | |
| vocês/eles/elas | têm | teng | تینگ | you all/they have | آپ لوگ/ان کے پاس ہے |
🔵 IR (to go)
| Pronoun | Conjugation | Pronunciation (English) | تلفظ (Urdu) | Meaning | معنی (Urdu) | Audio |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| eu | vou | vo | وو | I go | میں جاتا ہوں | |
| você/ele/ela | vai | vai | وائی | you/he/she goes | آپ/وہ جاتا/تی ہے | |
| nós | vamos | va-mos | واموس | we go | ہم جاتے ہیں | |
| vocês/eles/elas | vão | vawng | واو | you all/they go | آپ لوگ/وہ جاتے ہیں |
🔵 FAZER (to do / to make)
| Pronoun | Conjugation | Pronunciation (English) | تلفظ (Urdu) | Meaning | معنی (Urdu) | Audio |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| eu | faço | fa-so | فاسو | I do/make | میں کرتا ہوں | |
| você/ele/ela | faz | faz | فاز | you/he/she does/makes | آپ/وہ کرتا/تی ہے | |
| nós | fazemos | fa-ze-mos | فازیموس | we do/make | ہم کرتے ہیں | |
| vocês/eles/elas | fazem | fa-zeng | فازینگ | you all/they do/make | آپ لوگ/وہ کرتے ہیں |
📌 Key Irregular Verbs:
• SER — permanent identity (Eu sou feliz.)
• ESTAR — temporary state/location (Eu estou cansado.)
• TER — possession (Eu tenho um livro.)
• IR — movement (Eu vou para casa.)
• FAZER — action (Eu faço café.)
📖 Important Rules
• -ar verbs: -o, -a, -amos, -am
• -er verbs: -o, -e, -emos, -em
• -ir verbs: -o, -e, -imos, -em
باقاعدہ فعل کی گردان
• "Eu sou feliz." (I am happy — permanent)
ESTAR — temporary states, location.
• "Eu estou feliz." (I am happy — temporary)
SER (مستقل) اور ESTAR (عارضی)
• "Eu tenho um carro." (I have a car.)
• "Você tem irmãos?" (Do you have siblings?)
Note: "Ter" is also used for age in Brazilian Portuguese.
• "Eu tenho 25 anos." (I am 25 years old.)
ملکیت اور عمر کے لیے TER
• "Eu vou para a escola." (I go to school.)
• IR + infinitive = immediate future
• "Eu vou comer." (I am going to eat.)
حرکت اور قریب کا مستقبل
📝 Practice Tips:
- Learn the endings: Memorize the endings for each verb group (-ar, -er, -ir).
- Practice with common verbs: Conjugate falar, comer, and partir regularly.
- Learn SER vs ESTAR: Practice the difference between permanent and temporary states.
- Practice irregular verbs: Memorize ser, estar, ter, ir, and fazer.
- Practice speaking: Use the audio to hear the correct pronunciation.
- Make sentences: Create your own sentences using regular and irregular verbs in the present tense.
💡 Quick Reference — Endings: