Prepositions - English Grammar

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📍 Prepositions — Prepositions are words that show the relationship between a noun/pronoun and other words in a sentence. They indicate time (when), place (where), and movement (direction). This lesson covers essential prepositions with pronunciation guides in Urdu and English.

🔊 Click the Listen button next to each word to hear the pronunciation using Text-to-Speech.

💡 Key Rule: Prepositions are always followed by a noun or pronoun (the object of the preposition).

⏰ Prepositions of Time

Prepositions used to express when something happens.

#	Preposition	Usage	Example	ترجمہ (Urdu)
1	at	Specific time	at 3 o'clock	3 بجے
2	at	Holidays (no day)	at Christmas	کرسمس پر
3	on	Days	on Monday	پیر کو
4	on	Dates	on June 15th	15 جون کو
5	in	Months	in January	جنوری میں
6	in	Years	in 2024	2024 میں
7	in	Seasons	in summer	موسم گرما میں
8	in	Parts of day	in the morning	صبح میں
9	for	Duration	for two hours	دو گھنٹے تک
10	since	Starting point	since Monday	پیر سے
11	during	Throughout	during the meeting	میٹنگ کے دوران
12	until	Up to	until tomorrow	کل تک

📌 Time Preposition Rules:

• at — specific times (at 5 PM, at midnight)

• on — days and dates (on Friday, on July 4th)

• in — months, years, seasons, parts of day (in April, in 2020, in winter)

📍 Prepositions of Place

Prepositions used to express where something is located.

#	Preposition	Meaning	Example	ترجمہ (Urdu)
1	in	inside	in the room	کمرے میں
2	on	on top of	on the table	میز پر
3	at	specific location	at the door	دروازے پر
4	under	below	under the bed	بستر کے نیچے
5	above	higher than	above the door	دروازے کے اوپر
6	below	lower than	below the window	کھڑکی کے نیچے
7	between	in the middle	between the chairs	کرسیوں کے درمیان
8	next to	beside	next to the house	گھر کے پاس
9	behind	at the back	behind the tree	درخت کے پیچھے
10	in front of	facing	in front of the car	گاڑی کے سامنے
11	near	close to	near the park	پارک کے قریب
12	opposite	across from	opposite the bank	بینک کے سامنے

🚶 Prepositions of Movement

Prepositions used to express direction or movement.

#	Preposition	Meaning	Example	ترجمہ (Urdu)
1	to	towards	go to school	اسکول جانا
2	into	enter inside	walk into the room	کمرے میں چلنا
3	out of	exit from	go out of the house	گھر سے باہر جانا
4	onto	on top of	jump onto the bed	بستر پر چڑھنا
5	off	away from	fall off the bike	بائیک سے گرنا
6	towards	in the direction of	walk towards the park	پارک کی طرف چلنا
7	through	passing across	walk through the tunnel	سرنگ سے گزرنا
8	across	from one side to other	swim across the river	دریا کے پار تیرنا
9	over	above and across	jump over the fence	باڑ کے اوپر کودنا
10	around	in a circle	walk around the garden	باغ کے گرد چلنا

📌 Common Prepositional Phrases

Frequently used phrases with prepositions.

#	Phrase	Meaning	Example	ترجمہ (Urdu)
1	at home	in the house	I am at home.	میں گھر پر ہوں۔
2	at work	in the office	She is at work.	وہ دفتر میں ہے۔
3	on time	punctual	Please arrive on time.	براہ کرم وقت پر پہنچیں۔
4	in time	early enough	We made it in time.	ہم وقت پر پہنچ گئے۔
5	by car	using a car	I go by car.	میں گاڑی سے جاتا ہوں۔
6	on foot	walking	I go on foot.	میں پیدل جاتا ہوں۔
7	in the middle	centered	in the middle of the room	کمرے کے وسط میں
8	on the way	during travel	on the way to school	اسکول جاتے ہوئے

📖 Important Rules

⏰ Time Prepositions

at / on / in

AT — specific times
• at 5 PM, at midnight, at noon

ON — days and dates
• on Monday, on July 4th, on my birthday

IN — months, years, seasons, parts of day
• in January, in 2020, in summer, in the morning
وقت کے حروفِ جار

📍 Place Prepositions

in / on / at

IN — inside (enclosed spaces)
• in the room, in the car, in the city

ON — on a surface
• on the table, on the wall, on the floor

AT — specific points
• at the door, at the bus stop, at home
جگہ کے حروفِ جار

🚶 Movement Prepositions

to / into / onto

TO — direction towards
• go to school, walk to the park

INTO — enter inside
• walk into the room, go into the building

ONTO — onto a surface
• jump onto the bed, climb onto the roof
حرکت کے حروفِ جار

⚠️ Preposition Rules

go to school

Rule 1: Prepositions are always followed by a noun or pronoun.
• "She is in the kitchen." ✅
• "She is in." ❌

Rule 2: Some verbs are always followed by specific prepositions.
• listen to, wait for, look at
حروفِ جار کے اصول

📝 Practice Tips:

Practice time prepositions: Say the day, date, month, and year with the correct preposition.
Practice place prepositions: Look around you and describe where things are using prepositions.
Practice movement prepositions: Describe directions and movements using prepositions.
Learn prepositional phrases: Memorize common phrases like "on time," "by car," "at home."
Listen and repeat: Use the audio buttons to hear each word and practice repeating it.

💡 Quick Reference — Key Prepositions:

Time: at, on, in, for, since

Place: in, on, at, under, above

Movement: to, into, onto, through

at — specific time/place | on — days/surfaces | in — months/enclosed spaces